Plastic surgery is a broad field with treatments that can enhance, restore, or reshape areas of the face and body. Some procedures are known as cosmetic, meaning they are chosen to refine how a person looks. Others are reconstructive, which means they help rebuild form or function after injury, cancer, birth differences, burns, or medical conditions.
In Canada, people search for plastic surgery for many reasons. Some want to look more refreshed. Some want to restore their body after pregnancy, weight loss, or aging. Others want help after trauma, skin cancer, breast cancer, or a congenital concern. Choosing the right procedure depends on anatomy, goals, health, lifestyle, and recovery needs.
This page explains the main types of plastic surgery procedures in Canada, with sections on facial surgery, breast surgery, body contouring, reconstructive surgery, and non-surgical cosmetic treatments. You will also learn what to think about before scheduling a consultation.
Cosmetic Plastic Surgery vs. Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
In general, plastic surgery is grouped into cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery.
Cosmetic Plastic Surgery Procedures
Cosmetic plastic surgery deals with appearance-related goals. Because cosmetic surgery is usually elective, it is planned by choice and is not normally medically required.
Common reasons for cosmetic plastic surgery include:
- Refining facial balance
- Softening signs of aging
- Improving body shape
- Improving volume changes after weight loss or pregnancy
- Changing the shape of the nose, eyelids, ears, lips, breasts, abdomen, arms, or thighs
- Making clothing feel or fit better
- Improving self-confidence while keeping results natural-looking
Across Canada, cosmetic plastic surgery is usually paid for by the patient. Fees are affected by factors such as the procedure, surgeon, facility, anesthesia plan, follow-up care, and city or province.
Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
Reconstructive surgery helps repair or restore form and function. Reconstructive procedures may be recommended after cancer surgery, trauma, burns, infections, birth differences, or medical conditions.
Common types of reconstructive surgery include:
- Breast reconstruction after removal of breast tissue
- Skin cancer reconstruction after removal of a tumour
- Cleft lip or palate repair
- Surgical treatment for burn-related changes
- Reconstructive hand surgery
- Scar treatment and revision
- Wound repair
- Facial injury reconstruction
- Surgery for congenital differences
Some reconstructive plastic surgery may qualify for provincial coverage if it is considered medically necessary. Purely cosmetic changes are usually paid for privately.
Plastic Surgery Procedures for the Face
Facial plastic surgery may improve facial balance, soften signs of aging, and help restore a refreshed look. The goal is often not to look “different.” The most pleasing results are often natural-looking and balanced.
Facelift Surgery, Also Called Rhytidectomy
A facelift, also known as rhytidectomy, improves sagging in the lower face and jawline. A facelift can address jowls, loose facial skin, and deeper folds around the mouth.
Common facelift concerns include:
- Jowls along the jawline
- Loose skin in the lower face
- Deep smile lines
- Lowered cheek tissue
- Reduced definition from the jawline into the neck
A modern facelift commonly addresses the deeper support layers beneath the skin. That deeper support can help create a smoother result that lasts longer and avoids a pulled look. A facelift is often combined with a neck lift, eyelid surgery, brow lift, or facial fat grafting.
Neck Lift Procedure (Platysmaplasty)
A neck lift can improve loose skin, muscle bands, and fullness under the chin. The clinical term for tightening the neck muscle is platysmaplasty.
Common reasons for neck lift surgery include:
- Muscle bands in the neck
- Loose skin on the neck
- Reduced jawline sharpness
- Fullness under the chin
- A neck that looks loose or heavy
Some patients need skin and muscle tightening. Others may benefit from liposuction under the chin. The face and neck often change at the same time, so facelift and neck lift surgery may be combined.
Eyelid Surgery for Tired-Looking Eyes
Blepharoplasty, commonly called eyelid surgery, can improve tired-looking eyes by removing or adjusting extra eyelid skin, fat, or tissue.
Upper blepharoplasty may help with:
- Heaviness in the upper eyelids
- Extra skin on the upper eyelids
- A tired-looking or aged appearance
- Skin that sits on the eyelashes
- Visual field concerns in some medical situations
Patients may choose lower eyelid surgery for:
- Visible under-eye bags
- Puffiness
- Extra lower eyelid skin
- Shadowing under the eyes
- Tired-looking eyes that do not improve with rest
Eyelid surgery is one of the most common facial procedures because small eye-area changes can make the face look more rested.
Brow Lift, Also Called Forehead Lift
A brow lift, also called a forehead lift, raises a low or heavy brow. By lifting the brow, the procedure may improve the upper eyes and soften forehead heaviness.
Common brow lift concerns include:
- Low or drooping eyebrows
- Heavy upper lids from brow descent
- Lines across the forehead
- Frown lines between the brows
- A heavy expression that seems tired or stern
Brow lift surgery and eyelid surgery are not the same procedure. A brow lift focuses on eyebrow position, while eyelid surgery focuses on extra eyelid skin. Many patients need one or the other, and some benefit from both.
Cosmetic and Functional Rhinoplasty
A nose job, medically known as rhinoplasty, changes the shape, size, or structure of the nose. It may be cosmetic, functional, or both.
Nose surgery can address concerns such as:
- A bump along the bridge of the nose
- A lowered nose tip
- A wide nasal tip
- A nose that looks crooked
- Nasal size or projection
- Nose asymmetry
- Breathing issues related to structure
For patients with breathing concerns, rhinoplasty may include work on the septum, which separates the nostrils. Surgery on the septum is called septoplasty. Cosmetic rhinoplasty refines how the nose looks, while functional nasal surgery focuses on breathing and airflow.
Otoplasty for Prominent Ears
Otoplasty, commonly called ear surgery, can change the shape, position, or size of the ears. Otoplasty is often chosen for ears that stick out.
Patients may consider otoplasty for:
- Ears that sit far from the head
- Asymmetry between the ears
- Ear folds that look large
- Ears positioned far from the head
- Earlobe shape concerns
Both adults and children may choose or need otoplasty. When otoplasty is considered for a child, timing is based on ear growth, maturity, and family goals.
Lip Lift for Upper Lip Balance
Lip lift surgery shortens the area between the upper lip and the base of the nose. This space is called the upper lip length. The procedure may make the upper lip look more visible without adding filler.
Lip lift surgery can help improve:
- Upper lip length that looks long
- Reduced tooth show in the upper smile
- A thin upper lip appearance
- Lip proportions that feel unbalanced
- Aging changes around the mouth
A lip lift is different from lip filler. Dermal filler increases volume. Lip lift surgery adjusts the position and shape of the upper lip.
Facial Implants for Balance
Facial implants may improve balance in the chin, cheeks, or jawline. Chin surgery can improve facial profile balance when the chin looks small compared with the nose or other features.
Facial implant options may include:
- Implants for the chin
- Cheek implant surgery
- Jawline implant surgery
Chin surgery may be planned with rhinoplasty when the nose and chin both influence profile balance.
Facial Volume Restoration With Fat Grafting
Facial fat grafting uses a patient’s own fat to restore volume. The process usually involves taking fat from the abdomen or thighs, processing it, and placing it into selected facial areas.
Patients may consider facial fat grafting for:
- Hollow cheeks
- Under-eye hollowing
- Volume changes caused by aging
- Soft tissue volume loss
- Reduced facial harmony
Facial fat grafting can be performed by itself or with procedures such as facelift surgery, eyelid surgery, or other facial surgery.
Types of Breast Plastic Surgery
Cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery are common parts of plastic surgery in Canada. Patients may want to increase volume, reduce size, lift the breasts, improve symmetry, or restore the breast after cancer surgery.
Breast Enlargement Surgery
Breast augmentation surgery uses implants or fat transfer to increase breast size and shape. Saline and silicone gel are common breast implant options. Implant choice depends on body type, breast tissue, goals, and surgeon guidance.
Common breast augmentation goals include:
- Naturally smaller breast volume
- Volume loss after pregnancy
- Weight-related breast volume loss
- Asymmetry between the breasts
- A fuller look in clothing
Many people worry about looking too large, obvious, or unnatural after breast augmentation. A careful plan should consider chest width, skin quality, lifestyle, and long-term maintenance.
Breast Lift (Mastopexy)
Breasts that have dropped can be raised and reshaped with a breast lift, also called mastopexy. The main purpose is not to add volume. A breast lift is designed to improve where the breasts sit and how they are shaped.
Breast lift surgery can help improve:
- Dropped breasts
- Nipples that sit low or point down
- Areolas that have stretched
- Extra breast skin
- Breast changes after pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight loss
For patients who want more fullness, implants may be added to a breast lift. Some patients choose a breast lift without implants for a more natural result.
Breast Reduction Procedure
Breast reduction removes extra breast tissue, fat, and skin to make the breasts smaller, lighter, and more balanced.
Common breast reduction concerns include:
- Neck discomfort
- Heavy shoulder pressure
- Back discomfort
- Grooves from bra straps
- Under-breast skin irritation
- Difficulty exercising
- Difficulty finding clothing that fits
Breast reduction may be viewed as medically necessary in Canada in certain cases. Provincial rules, symptoms, and medical assessment all affect coverage.
Breast Implant Revision Surgery
Surgery to adjust or replace existing breast implants is called breast implant revision. It may be needed for cosmetic reasons or medical concerns.
Common breast implant revision concerns include:
- Wanting smaller or larger implants
- A ruptured implant
- Capsular contracture, which means firm scar tissue around an implant
- An implant that has moved out of position
- Breast asymmetry
- Breast changes over time after augmentation
- No longer wanting breast implants
Implant removal may be combined with a breast lift. Other patients prefer implant replacement with a new size, shape, or placement.
Breast Reconstruction
The breast may be rebuilt after mastectomy or lumpectomy with breast reconstruction. Breast reconstruction can use implants, natural tissue, or both.
The breast reconstruction process may involve:
- Implant breast reconstruction
- Breast reconstruction with natural tissue flaps
- Nipple and areola restoration
- Fat grafting for contour improvement
- Breast reconstruction revision for symmetry
This is a deeply personal choice. Some patients want reconstruction. Some patients choose a flat closure instead. Both options are valid.
Male Breast Reduction Surgery
Gynecomastia surgery is used to reduce enlarged male breast tissue. It may include liposuction, gland removal, or both.
Common gynecomastia concerns include:
- A puffy nipple appearance
- Gland tissue under the areola
- Fullness in the chest
- An uneven male chest shape
- Self-consciousness in swimwear, gym settings, or fitted clothing
The best technique depends on whether the fullness is caused by fat, gland tissue, loose skin, or a mix of these.
Body Plastic Surgery Procedures
Body contouring procedures can improve shape by removing extra skin, reducing stubborn fat, or tightening tissue. It is common after pregnancy, aging, or major weight loss.
Abdominoplasty for Abdominal Contouring
A tummy tuck, also called abdominoplasty, removes extra abdominal skin and tightens the abdominal wall. It can also repair separated abdominal muscles, which are known as diastasis recti.
Common tummy tuck concerns include:
- Loose skin on the abdomen
- A hanging lower abdomen
- Lower abdominal skin with stretch marks
- A weakened or separated abdominal wall
- Abdominal changes after pregnancy or weight loss
A tummy tuck should not be viewed as weight-loss surgery. A tummy tuck is most suitable for patients at a stable weight who want a flatter, better-shaped abdomen.
Surgical Liposuction
Liposuction surgery uses a thin tube called a cannula to remove localized fat. Liposuction is not a weight-loss method, it is a contouring procedure.
Liposuction can treat:
- Stomach area
- Flanks, also called love handles
- The hips
- Thigh areas
- Upper arm contours
- Back
- Under the chin and neck
- Male or female chest area
- The knees
Good skin elasticity helps improve results. Liposuction alone may not be enough when the skin is loose. When skin laxity is significant, surgery to remove skin may be a better option.
Customized Mommy Makeover
A mommy makeover is a customized plan for body changes after pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight change. Breast and abdominal procedures are often combined in a mommy makeover.
A mommy makeover can include:
- Abdominal contouring with tummy tuck
- Surgical breast lifting
- A breast augmentation procedure
- Breast reduction
- Liposuction surgery
- Fat transfer
The name can be misleading because the procedure is not only for mothers. Anyone with similar changes may consider this type of plan. The best plan depends on health, goals, recovery time, and whether future pregnancy is planned.
Brachioplasty, or Arm Lift Surgery
An arm lift or brachioplasty improves upper arm shape by removing loose skin.
An arm lift may address:
- Loose skin along the upper arms
- Skin laxity after weight loss
- Arm skin changes over time
- Trouble feeling comfortable in sleeveless shirts
- Skin friction in the upper arms
The trade-off is a scar along the inner or back part of the arm. For many patients, the improved shape is worth the scar, but this should be discussed carefully.
Thigh Lift Surgery
A thigh lift removes loose skin from the thighs. It is often chosen after major weight loss.
Thigh lift surgery can help improve:
- Loose inner thigh skin
- Chafing from loose thigh skin
- Poor fit in pants
- A heavy feeling from extra skin
- Changes after bariatric surgery or weight loss
Different thigh lift incision patterns may be used. How much skin needs removal and where the looseness sits will guide the best option.
Body Lift Surgery
Body lift surgery is used to remove loose skin around the lower body. It can improve the abdomen, hips, outer thighs, buttocks, and lower back.
Common reasons for body lift surgery include:
- Substantial weight loss
- Bariatric surgery
- Pregnancy-related skin looseness
- Major loose skin from aging
Because it is a larger surgery, recovery takes more time. The best candidates are usually in good health and at a stable weight.
Body Contouring With Fat Transfer
Fat can be moved from one body area to another with fat grafting. It can be used to add natural volume or improve contour.
Fat grafting may be used in areas such as:
- Breasts
- The buttocks
- Hip volume
- Facial soft tissue
- Contour irregularities after surgery or injury
Fat grafting uses your own tissue, but not all transferred fat survives. Fat grafting results can evolve, so repeat treatment may be needed for some patients.
Procedures for Skin, Scars, and Surface Concerns
Plastic surgeons may also treat scars, skin surface concerns, and soft tissue issues.
Scar Revision Surgery
A scar that is raised, tight, wide, or noticeable may be improved with scar revision. Scar revision cannot guarantee an erased scar, but it may make the scar less raised, tight, wide, or visible.
Patients may consider scar revision for:
- Scarring after surgery
- Injury-related scars
- Burn injury scars
- Scars that feel thick
- Scars that limit comfort
- Scars that affect range of motion
Scar treatment can include surgery, copyright injections, laser treatment, silicone therapy, or several methods together.
Skin Lesion Removal Procedures
When careful closure is important, plastic surgeons may remove benign skin lesions, cysts, moles, and lumps. A medical assessment may be needed for some lesions to rule out skin cancer.
Skin lesion removal may be done for:
- A lesion that gets irritated
- Growth or change
- Recurrent bleeding
- Cosmetic reasons
- Diagnosis
- Physical comfort
Any changing mole or suspicious skin lesion should be assessed by a qualified medical professional.
Skin Cancer Reconstruction Procedures
Skin cancer reconstruction can help close the treated area and restore appearance after cancer removal. This is common in areas such as the face, nose, eyelids, ears, lips, scalp, and hands.
Skin cancer reconstruction can involve:
- Closing the area directly
- A skin graft
- Moving nearby tissue with a local flap
- More complex reconstruction
The goal is safe cancer removal while preserving function and appearance as much as possible.
Non-Surgical Cosmetic Treatments
Surgery is not needed for every patient. For some patients, non-surgical treatments help soften early aging signs, facial lines, volume loss, and skin concerns. Compared with surgery, non-surgical treatments often have less downtime but need maintenance.
Wrinkle Relaxing Injections
BOTOX and other neuromodulators work by relaxing selected facial muscles. Expression lines are a common reason for BOTOX and neuromodulator treatment.
Common treatment areas include:
- Expression lines between the brows
- Horizontal forehead lines
- Crow’s feet around the eyes
- Lines on the sides of the nose
- Chin texture from muscle movement
- Neck bands for some patients
The results do not last forever and usually need maintenance treatments. The goal is usually a softer, rested look, not a frozen face.
Dermal Fillers
Dermal fillers restore or add volume. Hyaluronic acid, a gel-like substance used to shape and support soft tissue, is common in dermal fillers.
Dermal filler treatment may involve:
- The lips
- The cheeks
- The chin
- Jawline contour
- Tear trough hollowing
- Smile lines
- Mouth-corner lines
Good filler planning depends on the right product, careful injection technique, facial anatomy, and clear goals. Too much filler can look unnatural, which makes conservative planning important.
Chemical Peel Treatments
The outer layers of skin can be improved with a chemical peel using a controlled solution.
Patients may consider chemical peels for:
- Uneven colour
- Dull-looking skin
- Early fine lines
- Sun-damaged skin
- Mild post-acne marks
- Uneven texture
Peel strength can range from light to deeper treatments. The type of peel affects recovery time.
Laser and Energy-Based Skin Treatments
Skin tone, redness, texture, hair growth, scars, and aging changes may be treated with laser and energy-based treatments.
Patients may consider options such as:
- Laser resurfacing for texture
- IPL skin treatment
- Radiofrequency energy treatments
- Energy-based skin tightening
- Laser-based hair reduction
- Vascular laser for redness or broken vessels
A safe plan should match the treatment to skin type, skin tone, and the specific concern. This is especially important for patients with darker skin tones because pigment changes can be a risk.
Dermabrasion and Light Skin Resurfacing
A deeper resurfacing option called dermabrasion removes outer layers of skin. Compared with dermabrasion, microdermabrasion is lighter and more superficial.
Dermabrasion and microdermabrasion may help with:
- Surface texture
- Mild scars
- Dull-looking skin
- Uneven skin feel
- Fine lines
The right choice depends on skin quality, goals, downtime, and risk tolerance.
How to Choose the Right Plastic Surgery Procedure
Choosing the right procedure starts with the concern, not the procedure name. Many patients come in asking for one treatment, then learn that another option better matches their anatomy.
For instance:
- Extra eyelid skin, a low brow, or both may cause heavy upper lids.
- A soft jawline may be caused by loose skin, neck bands, fat, or chin position.
- Abdominal fullness may come from fat, loose skin, separated muscles, or internal weight.
- Flat-looking breasts may be improved with a lift, implants, fat grafting, or a combination.
- Under-eye bags may be caused by fat pads, hollowing, skin laxity, or pigmentation.
A clear plastic surgery plan should answer three key questions:
- What is behind the concern?
- Which option is the best match for that cause?
- What trade-offs should be expected with that choice?
Every procedure has trade-offs, which may include scars, downtime, swelling, cost, maintenance, and possible complications.
Common Questions and Concerns Before Plastic Surgery
Most patients feel a mix of emotions before plastic surgery. Excitement is common, but so are nerves. Concerns about safety, pain, scars, recovery, cost, and natural results are very common.
“Will the Result Still Look Like Me?”
This is a very common worry. Many people want to look refreshed, not changed. Natural-looking plastic surgery should respect facial features, body frame, age, and personal style.
A healthy goal is often improved balance instead of perfection.
“How Long Is the Recovery?”
Recovery time depends on the procedure. Some non-surgical treatments have little or no downtime. Procedures such as tummy tuck, body lift, or mommy makeover usually need more recovery planning.
Plastic surgery recovery often involves:
- Temporary swelling and bruising
- Restrictions on exercise or lifting
- Time away from work
- Follow-up appointments
- Scar healing support
- A gradual return to exercise
- Results that take time to settle
Surgical healing is gradual. Many procedures improve over weeks and months.
“What Should I Know About Plastic Surgery Scars?”
Surgery that involves an incision will create a scar. Surgeons aim to place scars carefully and support good healing.
Scar quality depends on:
- Genetic healing patterns
- Natural skin tone
- Which procedure is done
- The incision location
- Pulling on the healing incision
- Nicotine exposure
- How much sun the scar gets
- How the scar is cared for
Scars usually fade over time, but they do not disappear completely.
“How Safe Is Plastic Surgery?”
Every operation has possible risks. Plastic surgery risks may include bleeding, infection, poor scarring, anesthesia concerns, asymmetry, delayed healing, numbness, fluid buildup, and dissatisfaction.
Safety depends on many factors, including:
- The patient’s health
- Your current medications
- Smoking, vaping, or nicotine exposure
- The type of procedure
- The facility where surgery is done
- The anesthesia approach
- Surgeon training and experience
- Your post-operative care
A careful consultation should review benefits, risks, alternatives, and realistic expectations.
Plastic Surgery in Canada
In Canada, plastic surgery is regulated through medical licensing, provincial colleges, hospitals, surgical facilities, and professional standards. Understanding medical credentials is important because marketing terms can be confusing.
Plastic Surgeon Credentials in Canada
When researching plastic surgery in Canada, look for proper training and credentials. Plastic surgeons should be trained in medicine, surgery, and the specialty of plastic surgery.
Patients should ask:
- Are you certified in plastic surgery?
- Are you licensed to practise medicine in this province?
- Do you commonly perform this type of surgery?
- What facility will be used for the procedure?
- Who is responsible for anesthesia care?
- What risks apply to my specific case?
- How are complications handled?
- How many follow-up appointments are included?
- May I see before-and-after examples for similar procedures?
These questions are not meant to be difficult. It is about protecting your health and making an informed decision.
Cost of Cosmetic Surgery in Canada
Cosmetic surgery costs can vary widely across Canada. Procedure complexity, surgeon experience, anesthesia, facility fees, implants or devices, garments, follow-up care, and location can all affect price.
In major Canadian cities such as Vancouver, Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton, Ottawa, and Montreal, fees may be higher due to overhead and demand. Pricing may be different in smaller cities, but the lowest cost should not be the main deciding factor.
If a very low price means less attention to safety, training, facility standards, or aftercare, it can be a warning sign.
Surgery Abroad vs. Plastic Surgery in Canada
Some Canadians consider travelling outside the country for lower-cost surgery. Medical tourism can seem attractive, but it adds risks that should be reviewed.
Patients should think about medical tourism concerns such as:
- Limited follow-up care
- Flying or travelling soon after surgery
- Higher concern about infection
- Different medical standards
- Hard-to-get records
- Difficulty managing complications back in Canada
- Language or translation issues
- Revision surgery costs
Having surgery closer to home can make follow-up easier, especially if swelling, healing concerns, or complications occur.
Preparing for a Plastic Surgery Consultation
A consultation is your chance to learn what is possible, what is safe, and what is realistic. It should not feel rushed or pressured.
Before a consultation, consider preparing in these ways:
- Write down your main concerns.
- Bring a list of medications and supplements.
- Prepare to discuss your medical history.
- Tell the truth about smoking, vaping, cannabis, and nicotine use.
- If photos make your goals clearer, bring them to the consultation.
- Discuss recovery, scarring, risks, and other options.
- Ask what result is realistic for your own body or face.
A good consultation should clearly discuss your options. Sometimes the best advice is to wait, choose a smaller treatment, improve health first, or avoid surgery.
Who May Be a Good Candidate?
A good candidate is usually someone who is healthy, informed, and realistic. They understand that surgery can improve appearance, but it cannot create perfection or solve every life concern.
You may be a plastic surgeons near me suitable candidate if:
- You are medically well enough for surgery
- You know what concern you want to address
- You are at a stable weight for body contouring
- You do not smoke or can stop before and after surgery
- You understand the recovery process
- You accept the risks, scars, and trade-offs
- The choice is based on your own goals
- You understand what is realistic
It may be better to delay surgery if pregnancy, major weight loss plans, nicotine use, unstable health, or outside pressure are present.
Can Plastic Surgery Procedures Be Combined?
Combining procedures can be appropriate in selected cases. Other procedures should be staged. A combined plan may save recovery time, but it also needs careful planning because surgery time and healing demands may increase.
Plastic surgery procedures that are often combined include:
- Combining facelift and neck lift
- Upper facial rejuvenation with eyelid surgery and brow lift
- Profile balancing with rhinoplasty and chin surgery
- Mastopexy with augmentation
- Tummy tuck and liposuction
- Mommy makeover procedures
- Body lift with thigh lift or arm lift
- Facial surgery with fat grafting
The safest plan depends on your health, procedure length, anesthesia, recovery support, and risk level.
A Final Word on Canadian Plastic Surgery Procedures
Canadian plastic surgery includes both cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Many cosmetic procedures focus on the face, breasts, or body. Others help repair tissue after cancer, injury, burns, or medical conditions. Non-surgical treatments can also help with wrinkles, volume loss, skin texture, and early aging changes.
The best procedure is not always the procedure people ask about first. It is the one that fits your anatomy, goals, health, and comfort level.
A good plan should focus on safety, natural-looking results, clear expectations, and proper follow-up care. If you are considering eyelid surgery, rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, tummy tuck, liposuction, facelift surgery, or reconstructive plastic surgery, start by learning what each option can and cannot do.